The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious trophy on fourteen different occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown between the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger opened the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side struck two times in the closing moments to seize a surprise lead. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial leveler in the final moments to send the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping decisive attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted with composure for PSG to seal a convincing shootout victory.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the last 13 seasons.